History

Yes, the Romans Were Diverse—but Not in the Way We Understand It

For Aristides, Rome was the ultimate polis: the dispenser of just government, and through its unique constitution the embodiment of principled republicanism.

A Hundred Years of Communism

The Sykes-Picot Agreement and the Making of the Modern Middle East

The agreement provided a general understanding of British and French spheres of influence in the Middle East. The goal was to divide between them the Ottoman Empire’s Arab provinces (not including the Arabian Peninsula).

Labour in Meltdown – But What Is Anti-Semitism?

For more than a millennium a term such as “anti-Jewish” would have made more sense than “antisemitism”.

Confusion About -Isms is Compounding Schisms

As many of these confusions pertain to some variety of liberalism — classical, neo, libertarian — let’s start clarifying things there.